Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Green Innovation in Tourism Services Abstract: The OECD's Towards Green Growth states that green growth is about fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our well-being relies. To do this it is necessary to foster investment and innovation, which will underpin sustained growth and give rise to new economic opportunities... Creation-Date: 2013-02-26 Number: 2013/1 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2013/1-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Alain Dupeyras Author-Workplace-Name: OECD Author-Name: Neil MacCallum Author-Workplace-Name: Neil MacCallum Associates Title: Indicators for Measuring Competitiveness in Tourism: A Guidance Document Abstract: Mature tourism economies need to regain competitiveness as a new source of growth. Active policies require a good understanding of the determinants of competitiveness. This measurement framework includes a short list of core and additional indicators to guide governments in their analysis of tourism competitiveness and to inform tourism policy development. This framework is to be considered by countries as a toolkit and a guide. Pilot testing of the indicators will drive the work forward. The report was reviewed and approved by the OECD Tourism Committee on 10 April 2013. Creation-Date: 2013-10-09 Number: 2013/2 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2013/2-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Haxton Author-Workplace-Name: OECD Title: A Review of Effective Policies for Tourism Growth Abstract: A key issue for OECD countries is to understand how to strengthen the position of the destination, how to be more effective in supporting a stronger, more inclusive and sustainable tourism growth and how to further improve its competitiveness in the global tourism market. This report examines the changing global trends and inter-linked policy challenges, then reviews the policy framework supporting tourism growth and presents various policy perspectives, detailing how they inter-connect and support tourism growth. The report explores ways for closer policy integration between tourism and related policy areas and suggests new policy approaches to more effectively support tourism growth. The report was considered as approved by the OECD Tourism Committee as of 13 January 2015. Creation-Date: 2015-03-11 Number: 2015/1 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2015/1-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jane Stacey Author-Workplace-Name: OECD Title: Supporting Quality Jobs in Tourism Abstract: The tourism sector is highly dependent on quality human resources to develop and deliver a competitive tourism offering. This report examines approaches to encourage the creation of more and better tourism jobs, with a particular emphasis on enhancing the skills and career development opportunities of people employed in tourism SMEs. The contribution quality jobs can make to building a competitive and sustainable tourism sector is discussed. This is followed by analysis of the sector's labour intensity and labour market characteristics, and the implications for attracting, retaining and developing a skilled workforce. Policies and programmes introduced to respond to these challenges and boost workforce development in tourism SMEs are examined and a number of key policy considerations highlighted. The report was reviewed and approved by the OECD Tourism Committee on the 14 January 2015. Creation-Date: 2015-03-12 Number: 2015/2 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2015/2-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: An OECD Review of Statistical Initiatives Measuring Tourism at Subnational Level Abstract: Regions and cities play a growing role in tourism development and policy design. The economy-wide effects of tourism are significant and vary a lot from one territory to another in terms of number of visitors, type of tourism, seasonality patterns, revenues and added value per visitor or jobs generated. This OECD review supports a better measurement of the various impacts of tourism at sub-national level by the sharing of good and innovative country statistical initiatives. The review will contribute to the development of reliable data and analysis at regional and local levels for business and policy decision making. The review presents statistical initiatives for Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, New Zealand, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The initiatives focus on a wide range of issues such as total economic impact of tourism; direct economic impacts of tourism; tourism-related employment; enterprise demographics; tourism spending/revenues and high yield visitors, data visualization; regional competitiveness; and sustainability. Creation-Date: 2016-11-18 Number: 2016/1 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2016/1-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: A review of the policy framework for tourism marketing and promotion Abstract: The development of the visitor economy faces challenges not only from global economic conditions, reduced budgets, fluctuating exchange rates, but also deeper underlying economic and technological shifts which create further market turbulence. In response, new models for linking tourism policy, tourism marketing and product development, including digital strategies are being explored in a number of countries. The report examines some of the current challenges and opportunities for public authorities responsible for the marketing and promotion of tourism, including evolving funding sources, partnership opportunities, promotion strategies, and governance arrangements. The report benefitted from significant contributions from 16 countries: Australia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Sweden, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Country case studies provide examples of policy and business initiatives to address current and emerging challenges. Creation-Date: 2017-02-22 Number: 2017/1 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2017/1-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Major events as catalysts for tourism Abstract: Events are a dynamic and fast-growing sector that has obvious synergies with tourism. If managed and hosted effectively, they can expand the visitor economy, provide media exposure, promote regional development, and stimulate the upgrading of infrastructure. The report focusses on those major one-off or recurring events with the ability to attract significant numbers of domestic or international participants/spectators, thus promoting changes in terms of territory dynamics and tourism development. The report considers a large number of country approaches (benefitting from inputs from Australia, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, France, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, New Zealand, Russia, Spain, South Africa and Turkey) to better understand events-related policy and practices used to promote tourism growth. A selection of key learnings are drawn for consideration by cities, regions and countries wishing to leverage the unique characteristics of major events to support the development of the visitor economy. Creation-Date: 2017-02-22 Number: 2017/2 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2017/2-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Financing approaches for tourism SMEs and entrepreneurs Abstract: Access to financing is vital to promote entrepreneurship and SME development and build an innovative, competitive and sustainable tourism sector. This report examines mechanisms to improve access to finance for tourism SMEs and entrepreneurs at each stage of the business lifecycle, with a particular emphasis on small and micro-enterprises. It discusses key issues and policy considerations to help improve tourism SME financing conditions, broaden the range of financing instruments available and support uptake of available financing instruments. Case studies of financing approaches in a number of countries support the policy discussion and provide technical information. The paper captures the perspectives of policy makers, financing agencies and institutions, and the tourism industry, and has benefitted from significant contributions and inputs from 21 countries: Austria, Canada, Chile, Croatia, Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines, Portugal, the Russian Federation, Slovenia, Sweden and Switzerland. Creation-Date: 2017-02-22 Number: 2017/3 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2017/3-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Analysing megatrends to better shape the future of tourism Abstract: The future of tourism will be impacted by large-scale social, economic, political, environmental and technological changes, bringing new and often unseen challenges, threats and opportunities. These “megatrends” are slow to form, but once they have taken root, exercise a profound and lasting influence on human activities, processes and perceptions, including for tourism. Four megatrends are likely to have significant impacts and relevance for tourism: i) evolving visitor demand; ii) sustainable tourism growth; iii) enabling technologies; and iv) travel mobility. Exploring the multidimensional implications of these megatrends to 2040 is important to inform policy and shape the future of tourism. This Tourism Paper develops a range of plausible scenarios and potential policy responses for the megatrends mentioned above, it then examines how policy makers can better prepare for megatrends, and presents a set of guiding principles for effective strategic foresight in tourism. Keywords: enabling technologies, megatrends, scenario planning, strategic foresight, sustainable tourism, tourism, travel mobility, visitor demand Creation-Date: 2018-11-23 Number: 2018/02 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2018/02-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Effective policy approaches for quality investment in tourism Abstract: Investment is essential to build a competitive and sustainable tourism sector. This Tourism Paper examines effective policy approaches to boost the quantity and quality of investment in tourism. It reviews the enabling conditions and barriers to promoting investment that can foster sustainable and inclusive tourism growth. Policy considerations to encourage quality investment in tourism are discussed, including the importance of cross-government co-ordination, leveraging strategies to maximise the quality and impact of tourism investment, mainstreaming sustainability into investment decision-making frameworks, and building capacity to future-proof tourism investment in a digital economy. Case studies of investment approaches in a number of countries are presented to support the policy discussion. Keywords: digital economy, finance, governance, infrastructure, leverage, mainstreaming sustainability, policy, quality investment, tourism Creation-Date: 2018-11-27 Number: 2018/03 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2018/03-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Providing new OECD evidence on tourism trade in value added Abstract: The ability to measure the economic impacts of tourism provides policy makers with the evidence necessary to ensure that future policies are targeted to meet strategic objectives. However, despite significant work on tourism economics, notably with the Tourism Satellite Account, a deeper understanding is needed of how tourism trade directly and indirectly contributes to the economic growth and competitiveness of countries. This report scopes out the benefits and challenges of analysing tourism from a trade in value added perspective. It identifies the priority actions to strength the underlying ‘value chain’ of national statistics needed to build analyses tourism from a trade in value added perspective, and sets out a roadmap to make progress. It builds on wider OECD work on Trade in Value Added (TiVA), and represents a first attempt to better link tourism data with the underlying Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) infrastructure. Pilot country analysis for Canada, Portugal and the United Kingdom is presented. Keywords: global value chains, globalisation, ICIO, Tourism economy, tourism expenditure, Tourism Satellite Account (TSA), tourism statistics, trade, Trade in Value Added (TiVA) Creation-Date: 2019-05-03 Number: 2019/01 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2019/01-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Operationalisation of destination management organisations in Romania Abstract: This report provides an analysis of the state of play for tourism in Romania and examines opportunities and challenges for destination development at the subnational level. In addition, it includes an operating manual providing practical guidance for tourism practitioners, setting out the steps required to establish and operate an effective DMO. It has been produced to help public and private sector stakeholders in Romania to work in partnership to plan, develop, manage and market their destinations. The aim is to strengthen tourism structures at local, regional and national levels, so that Romania is able to compete effectively in international markets, in a way that will bring maximum benefit to the country and its destinations. Examples of international best practices, and recommendations to develop an effective and self-sustaining network of regional DMOs are also presented. Keywords: destination management organisation, marketing, regional attractiveness, regional development, Romania, tourism, tourism promotion Creation-Date: 2020-03-05 Number: 2020/01 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2020/01-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Safe and seamless travel and improved traveller experience: OECD Report to G20 Tourism Working Group Abstract: The report on seamless travel and improved traveller experience considers the concept and scope of seamless travel, the international policy context for its further development, and issues and good practice in four key areas: i) Visa requirements and acquisition; ii) Digital traveller identity and biometrics; iii) Multi-modal transport and connectivity; and iv) Visitor handling, information and management. Based on the findings and analysis, it presents a set of key conclusions and guidelines for action, for the attention of G20, OECD and other countries, and relevant international organisations. The report’s Guidelines for Action on Safe and Seamless Travel were adopted in the Diriyah Communiqué of the 2020 G20 Tourism Ministers’ Meeting. Classification-JEL: Z38 Keywords: biometrics, connectivity, digital traveller identity, last mile, multi-modal, seamless travel, smart tourism, tourism, transport, travel mobility, visa facilitation, visitor handling Creation-Date: 2020-11-18 Number: 2020/02 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2020/02-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on tourism and supporting recovery Abstract: Tourism continues to be one of the sectors hardest hit by the coronavirus pandemic and, at the time of publishing this report, the outlook remains highly uncertain. OECD expects international tourism to fall by around 80% in 2020. Domestic tourism is helping to soften the blow, and governments have taken impressive immediate action to restore and re-activate the sector, while protecting jobs and businesses. Many countries are also now developing measures to build a more resilient tourism economy post COVID-19. These include preparing plans to support the sustainable recovery of tourism, promoting the digital transition and move to a greener tourism system, and rethinking tourism for the future. This report presents policy measures to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on tourism and support the recovery, and draws initial lessons from the crisis to build a more sustainable and resilient tourism economy for the future. Classification-JEL: Z38; L83 Keywords: coronavirus, COVID-19, impact, recovery, tour, tourism, tourist, travel Creation-Date: 2020-12-16 Number: 2020/03 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2020/03-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Managing tourism development for sustainable and inclusive recovery Abstract: Despite the significant negative impacts of COVID-19 on tourism, the crisis is providing an opportunity to rethink tourism for the future. Achieving this greener and more sustainable tourism recovery, calls for a greater policy focus on the environmental and socio-cultural pillars of sustainability. The paper focuses on five main pillars of policy solutions, and best practices, to help destinations rebuild and flourish in this dramatically changed policy context for tourism development. Recommended policy solutions aim to: i) rethink tourism success, ii) adopt an integrated policy-industry-community approach, iii) mainstream sustainable policies and practices, iv) develop more sustainable tourism business models, and v) implement better measure to better manage. The report presents a selection of 9 case studies on destination strategies to support a sustainable and inclusive recovery. Classification-JEL: Z38; L83 Keywords: COVID-19, development, managing, recovery, sustainable, tourism Creation-Date: 2021-01-26 Number: 2021/01 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2021/01-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Preparing the tourism workforce for the digital future Abstract: Embracing digitalisation throughout the tourism ecosystem will help to drive the ability of business to build resilience in a post-COVID-19 era. This will include exploiting the opportunities digitalisation opens up for marketing, product and destination development, as well as investing in human capital and skills to retain and develop a skilled workforce. To support the digital transformation of the sector, this report examines: i) the role of digital technology in tourism and its impact on work organisation; ii) how digitalisation affects the demand for skills in the sector; and iii) the role of government in creating the conditions to support the digital transformation of tourism business models, and preparing the tourism workforce for change. Acknowledging that national policies will need to be responsive to needs across a diverse sector, with varying levels of digital maturity amongst enterprises (and people), the report presents a selection of policy considerations to prepare the tourism workforce for the digital future. Classification-JEL: Z38; L83; J24 Keywords: digital future, digital skills, tourism, workforce Creation-Date: 2021-06-03 Number: 2021/02 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2021/02-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: G20 Rome guidelines for the future of tourism: OECD Report to G20 Tourism Working Group Abstract: The G20 Rome guidelines for the future of tourism identifies key issues and opportunities to rethink and reshape tourism policy in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. It presents guidelines for action that are informed by the need to a) restore confidence and enable recovery, b) learn from the experience of the pandemic, and c) prioritise a sustainable development agenda in guiding future tourism. They are based around seven interrelated policy areas: i) safe mobility, ii) crisis management; iii) resilience; iv) inclusiveness; v) green transformation; vi) digital transition; and vii) investment and infrastructure. The G20 Rome guidelines were endorsed in the Rome Communiqué of the 2021 G20 Tourism Ministers’ meeting. Classification-JEL: Z38; L83 Keywords: COVID19, crisis management, digital transition, green transformation, inclusiveness, infrastructure, investment, pandemic, resilience, sustainable tourism, tourism, travel mobility Creation-Date: 2021-09-07 Number: 2021/03 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2021/03-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Preparing the tourism workforce in Portugal for the digital future Abstract: After a decade of steady growth, the tourism sector in Portugal is facing its most acute challenge in modern times, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. As inbound visitors return to Portugal, the tourism workforce will need digital skills to make effective use of new technologies, and exploit the opportunities digitalisation is opening up for marketing, as well as product and destination development. Successful digital uptake by businesses will be a driving force in building recovery and resilience in the longer term. While there has been progress in recent years, especially in response to the pandemic, there remains considerable scope to go further. To support this digital transformation, this report examines and assesses current policy approaches to support digital skills and workforce development in the sector, and presents a selection of policy considerations to: i) address digital transformation gaps, shortages and opportunities for workforce organisation and skills development, and ii) enhance governance mechanisms to support the digital skills transformation of the tourism workforce. Classification-JEL: Z38; L83; J24 Keywords: digital future, digital skills, digital transformation, governance, Portugal, tourism, workforce Creation-Date: 2021-12-14 Number: 2021/04 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2021/04-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Creating economic prosperity through inclusive and sustainable tourism: G7/OECD policy priorities paper Abstract: The G7/OECD policy priorities paper on Creating Economic Prosperity through Inclusive and Sustainable Tourism highlights the importance of tourism as a driver of economic development in G7 economies. It identifies key areas for policy action to optimise the socio-economic impacts of tourism for sustainable and inclusive development, and sets out prospective areas for future G7 leadership, including to: i) better manage and spread the benefits from tourism development; ii) encourage accessible and inclusive tourism; iii) build a strong and inclusive tourism workforce; iv) promote climate action through greener models of tourism; and v) harness the power of Artificial Intelligence and digital tools for tourism development. Classification-JEL: Z32; Z38; L83 Keywords: accessible tourism, artificial intelligence, digitalisation, economic development, green transition, inclusiveness, sustainable tourism, tourism, tourism workforce Creation-Date: 2024-12-18 Number: 2024/01 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2024/01-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Artificial Intelligence and tourism: G7/OECD policy paper Abstract: The G7/OECD policy paper on Artificial Intelligence and tourism highlights the potential to harness AI as a tool to promote innovation and the sustainable development of tourism. It discusses the opportunities and risks AI brings, and what this means for tourists, businesses, destinations and governments. Key policy issues are identified, including the need to: i) put in place robust data and consumer protection measures as AI is used to create personalised tourist experiences; ii) monitor the impact on tourism jobs and protect and prepare workers, as AI used to improve operational efficiency; and iii) support tourism businesses, and SMEs in particular, to keep pace with rapid AI developments and comply with evolving legal and regulatory frameworks, while fostering a dynamic environment for innovation. Classification-JEL: L83; O33; Z32; Z38 Keywords: artificial intelligence, digital transition, G7, innovation, sustainable tourism, tourism Creation-Date: 2024-12-18 Number: 2024/02 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2024/02-EN Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: OECD Title: Guidance to strengthen destination management organisation structures in Croatia Abstract: EU Funded NoteTourism is a critical sector to the Croatian economy and a key driver of regional development. The transformation of tourist boards into high performing Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) is identified as a priority area in Croatia's Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy 2030. This report provides guidance to strengthen DMO structures to support sustainable tourism development at destination level in Croatia. It seeks to enhance collaboration between tourist boards and destination management organisations at the national, regional and local levels, and help build the capacity required to deliver Croatia’s Sustainable Tourism Development Strategy 2030. Taking into consideration the evolving legal framework, governance and funding for destination management in Croatia, the publication outlines actionable steps to strengthen destination management structures and practices in the country. The proposed framework utilises the experience, knowledge, skills and resources of the public and private sectors and NGOs and enables DMOs to perform the function of destination management and marketing in an efficient and effective way. Classification-JEL: Z38; L83; Z32 Keywords: Croatia, destination management, DMO, governance, sustainable tourism, tourism Creation-Date: 2024-12-19 Number: 2024/03 Handle: RePEc:oec:cfeaab:2024/03-EN