Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Freight Railway Development in Mexico
Abstract: This report aims to provide a basis for understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the current system, in comparison to rail systems elsewhere in the world, and provide an analytical basis for identification of opportunities for further improvement. It also discusses risks in relation to regulatory reform and the policy making process for managing those risks.
Creation-Date: 2014-05-01
Number: 1
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:1-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Competitiveness of Ports in Emerging Markets: The case of Durban, South Africa
Abstract: This paper outlines the competitiveness of ports in Durban, south Africa. It looks at port performance, impact, and policies and governance issues.
Creation-Date: 2014-11-01
Number: 2
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:2-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Appraising Transformational Projects: The Case of the Grand Paris Express
Abstract: This paper starts from the premise that the scope of the appraisal of transport projects should depend upon the presence (or absence) of various forms of market failure. It reviews the purposes and processes of transport appraisal before setting out a typology of market failures. Then it examines what distinguishes marginal, non-marginal and transformational projects in appraisal terms and what special challenges are created by transformational projects. The report then considers the methods available for the appraisal of such projects and the challenges faced.
Creation-Date: 2014-11-01
Number: 3
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:3-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Air Service Agreement Liberalisation and Airline Alliances
Abstract: This document explores the key elements of bilateral air service agreements (ASAs) and recent trends towards increasing liberalisation and examines linkages between ASAs and cross border airline alliance. It discusses issues related to antitrust reviews of proposed alliances and summarises and comments on the impacts of international airline alliances.
Creation-Date: 2014-12-01
Number: 4
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:4-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Impacts of Expanding Airport Capacity on Competition and Connectivity: The case of Gatwick and Heathrow
Abstract: This report assesses quantitatively the competition, scarcity and connectivity impacts of different airline responses to expanding runway capacity at Gatwick or Heathrow.
Creation-Date: 2014-12-01
Number: 5
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:5-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Urban Mobility System Upgrade: How shared self-driving cars could change city traffic
Abstract: This report examines the changes that might result from the large-scale uptake of a shared and self-driving fleet of vehicles in a mid-sized European city. The study explores two different self-driving vehicle concepts, for which we have coined the terms “TaxiBot” and “AutoVot”. TaxiBots are self-driving cars that can be shared simultaneously by several passengers. AutoVots pick-up and drop-off single passengers sequentially.
Creation-Date: 2015-03-01
Number: 6
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:6-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Automated and Autonomous Driving: Regulation under Uncertainty
Abstract: Many cars sold today are already capable of some level of automated operation, and prototype cars capable of driving autonomously have been - and continue to be - tested on public roads in Europe, Japan and the United States. These technologies have arrived rapidly on the market and their future deployment is expected to accelerate. Autonomous driving promises many benefits: improved safety, reduced congestion and lower stress for car occupants, among others. Authorities will have to adapt existing rules and create new ones in order to ensure the full compatibility of these vehicles with the public’s expectations regarding safety, legal responsibility and privacy. This report explores the strategic issues that will have to be considered by authorities as more fully automated and ultimately autonomous vehicles arrive on our streets and roads.
Creation-Date: 2015-04-01
Number: 7
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:7-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Big Data and Transport: Understanding and Assessing Options
Abstract: This report examines issues relating to the arrival of massive, often real-time, data sets whose exploitation and amalgamation can lead to new policy-relevant insights and operational improvements for transport services and activity. It is comprised of three parts. The first section gives an overview of the issues examined. The second broadly characterises Big Data, and describes its production, sourcing and key elements in Big Data analysis. The third section describes regulatory frameworks that govern data collection and use, and focuses on issues related to data privacy for location data.
Creation-Date: 2015-04-01
Number: 8
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:8-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Drivers of Logistics Performance: A Case Study of Turkey
Abstract: Good logistics performance is an essential component of stimulating economic development. This report explores the drivers of, and barriers to, logistics performance through a case study of Turkey’s trade and transport sector. Firstly, it explains the importance of logistics performance. Next, it reviews the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) used to assess trade and transportation facilitation friendliness of countries. It then discusses Turkey’s performance against each dimension of the LPI, highlighting the country’s challenges and achievements. Lastly, the report uses this understanding to propose and catagorise a series of general policy actions available for improving logistics performance.
Creation-Date: 2015-04-01
Number: 9
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:9-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Impact of Mega-Ships
Abstract: Larger container ships have generated cost savings for carriers, decreased maritime transport costs and as such facilitated global trade in the past. However, larger ships require adaptations of infrastructure, equipment and cause larger peaks in container traffic in ports, with wide-ranging impacts. This report assesses if the benefits of the current mega container ships still outweigh their costs to the whole transport chain.
Creation-Date: 2015-05-01
Number: 10
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:10-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Logistics Strategy and Performance Measurement: Mexico's National Observatory for Transport and Logistics
Abstract: Mexico has an effective transport and logistics sector that has provided the backbone for growth in the economy and a rapid expansion of foreign trade. Development of the sector has been enabled by the deregulation of road haulage and rail services in the 1990s, which saw prices for transport decline substantially and stimulated investment by the private sector in vehicles and in rail infrastructure. This has been accompanied by major public investments in roads and ports and a range of policies that have promoted the development of industrial parks, multimodal infrastructure, and logistics clusters along trade corridors, facilitating inward investment as a motor for regional development.
Creation-Date: 2015-05-01
Number: 11
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:11-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Expanding Airport Capacity: Competition, Connectivity and Welfare: Discussion of options for Gatwick and Heathrow
Abstract: This report expands the quantitative assessment of airline responses to expansion at Gatwick and Heathrow. For this assessment the same methodology was used as in the second study and again the results are been broken down into impacts on scarcity rents, competition and connectivity.
Creation-Date: 2015-06-01
Number: 12
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:12-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Forecasting Airport Demand: Review of UK Airports Commission Forecasts and Scenarios
Abstract: The Airports Commission requires an external view on whether its forecasts yield plausible results, taking into account the ways in which the future of the aviation market may develop, prompted by comments received during stakeholder consultations on the forecasts and scenarios developed. This report summarises a review of the forecasts prepared by the International Transport Forum together with independent experts. The report provide views on the appropriateness of the outputs produced, on the most robust central scenarios and on any scenario results that should be treated with particular caution. it also examines one aspect of the methodology used in developing the baseline forecast, the module allocating traffic between London’s airports.
Creation-Date: 2015-06-01
Number: 13
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:13-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: International Experiences on Public Transport Provision in Rural Areas
Abstract: Demand-responsive transport is seen as one of the key options to meet public transport challenges in rural areas. Demand-responsive transport is considered particularly suitable for rural areas because of its flexibility, and ability to adapt to local needs. While on cost per trip basis it may be more expensive than ‘conventional’ public transport, experiences indicate a willingness for both car users and existing bus users to use these services at a higher fare than existing bus fares. However, demand-responsive services should be part of a broader, multimodal package of solutions, supplementing regular public transport services.
Creation-Date: 2015-07-01
Number: 14
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:14-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: A New Hinterland Rail Link for the Port of Koper?: Review of Risks and Delivery Options
Abstract: The Port of Koper is the single national port of Slovenia and has been growing fast in recent years. It is expected that the existing rail link to and from the port will reach capacity in a few years. A new additional track, involving a tunnel on a separate alignment, has been proposed as a solution. The ITF was asked to perform a broad risk analysis of the project and investigate options for the delivery of the project through a PPP. Within this broad scope the ITF addressed several questions: would the potential for growing traffic at the port justify added capacity; what are the options for increasing capacity on the existing track to buy time; is the cost of the new rail link adequately estimated; what would be the best way to enable private participation in the project?
Creation-Date: 2015-10-01
Number: 15
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:15-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Logistics Observatory for Chile: Strengthening Policies for Competitiveness
Abstract: High quality logistics is a key for the economic performance of any country. Well-functioning logistics both domestically and internationally is a necessary precondition of national competitiveness. As an open economy, Chile relies heavily on trade for its economic growth. Lower transport and logistics costs as well as effective coordination between operators and public and private sector would improve Chile’s competitiveness, boost exports and diversify production and trade patterns.
Creation-Date: 2016-02-01
Number: 16
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:16-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Establishing Mexico's Regulatory Agency for Rail Transport: Peer Review of Regulatory Capacity
Abstract: Mexico’s highly efficient freight railways are operated by privately owned concessions. The system adopted for the concessions by the 1995 Railway Law provides exclusive rights to manage vertically integrated track and train companies over specified sections of the network and was designed to create competition between the companies in key markets. Competition is provided for in several ways; through parallel tracks, through alternate routes and through rights to use each other’s tracks on specific sections of the network. In this report, preparations for the establishment of the new rail regulatory agency are reviewed and compared to comparable regulatory arrangements in other OECD countries to ensure effective implementation of the new institutional arrangements.
Creation-Date: 2016-02-01
Number: 17
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:17-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Reducing Sulphur Emissions from Ships: The Impact of International Regulation
Abstract: This study assesses the impact of international sulphur emission reduction regulations on global shipping. Ships emit a large amount of sulphur oxides that have significant health impacts. To mitigate these, international regulations cap the sulphur content of ship fuel. In certain parts of the world, emission control areas (ECAs) with even stricter standards have been established. In the emission control areas, new requirements introduced in 2015 limit the sulphur content of ship fuel to 0.10%. A new, lower global sulphur cap of 0.50% is planned for 2020. This report examines the 2015 cap effects on shipping and the potential effects of the new requirements foreseen for 2020. It assesses the cost increase for maritime transport associated with the sulphur caps, impacts on shipping operations as well as on other transport modes, and on the environment. The report also highlights policy gaps and challenges for the enforcement of sulphur emissions regulation for shipping.
Creation-Date: 2016-05-01
Number: 18
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:18-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Capacity to Grow: Transport Infrastructure Needs for Future Trade Growth
Abstract: This report examines the consequences of increased global trade on the world’s transport infrastructure. More complex international freight flows as a result of diversified global trade patterns will change capacity requirements and increasingly reshape global transport networks over the coming decades. Policy makers need to understand now how these forces are likely to play out in order to ensure adequate and timely investment into transport infrastructure that will continue to provide the backbone of global trade and economic development.
Creation-Date: 2016-05-01
Number: 19
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:19-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Data-Driven Transport Policy
Abstract: Building on our 2015 study Big Data and Transport: Understanding and Assessing Options, this report presents the findings of an extensive exploration of these two broad themes at a workshop on "21st Century Public Interest Data Sharing" in Paris in November 2015, which involved a wide range of experts and stakeholders brought together under the auspices of the International Transport Forum’s Corporate Partnership Board.
Creation-Date: 2016-05-01
Number: 20
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:20-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shared Mobility: Innovation for Liveable Cities
Abstract: Building on our 2015 report Urban Mobility System Upgrade: How Shared Self-driving Cars Could Change City Traffic, this study models the impact of replacing all car and bus trips in a city with mobility provided through fleets of shared vehicles. The simulation is, again, based on real mobility and network data from a mid-size European city, namely Lisbon, Portugal.
Creation-Date: 2016-05-01
Number: 21
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:21-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: App-Based Ride and Taxi Services: Principles for Regulation
Abstract: For-hire passenger transport services are an essential component of well-functioning metropolitan areas. But the markets for taxis and other for-hire vehicles have historically been subject to imperfections that regulators have tried to correct or at least attenuate. The current regulatory frameworks surrounding for hire transport reflects this history. But the arrival of innovative app-based ride services, generically referred to as Commercial Transport Apps (CTAs), in this report, challenges established rules. The growing popularity of these services has caught authorities off-guard, as CTAs typically do not fall under established regulatory structures. Moreover, the uptake of similar technologies amongst traditional for-hire operators blurs the line between existing regulatory categories, and in some cases obviates it.
Creation-Date: 2016-05-01
Number: 22
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:22-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Halving the Number of Road Deaths in Korea: Lessons from other Countries
Abstract: This report presents the findings and conclusions of a short peer review of road safety policy in Korea. This was centred on a meeting of road safety experts from Korea and from OECD countries held in Seoul in December 2014. The objective was to address the challenge of how to move Korea from its current position as one of the worst performers among the OECD countries in the annual number of road fatalities to being one of the best, in line with the targets set under the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Creation-Date: 2016-05-01
Number: 23
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:23-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Regulation of For-Hire Passenger Transport: Portugal in International Comparison
Abstract: App-based for-hire transport services make mobility more efficient by better matching supply and demand. They offer passengers a high degree of predictability and ease of use, and drivers with highly flexible work opportunities. Yet the popularity of app-based services has eroded the market share of traditional taxi operators, causing significant friction that is manifesting itself in court cases and even physical violence. How to regulate these new services is therefore high on the agenda of governments around the world. This study, commissioned by the Portuguese Institute for Mobility and Transport, reviews legislation and regulatory frameworks for taxi and for-hire transport services in Portugal and six other countries in order to foster an evidence-based discussion of the issue.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2016-06-09
Number: 24
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:24-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Ports Policy Review of Chile
Abstract: This report assesses ports policies in Chile. Highly dependent on maritime trade, the quality of Chile’s ports has a direct impact on the country’s economy. The report offers a series of recommendations intended to help further develop Chile’s ports policies. It is based on a thorough assessment of current port performance, an analysis of the bottlenecks that would need to be resolved to increase performance, and takes into account good international practices.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2016-12-09
Number: 25
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:25-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Cruise Shipping and Urban Development: The Case of Venice
Abstract: This report assesses ports policies in Chile. Highly dependent on maritime trade, the quality of Chile’s ports has a direct impact on the country’s economy. The report offers a series of recommendations intended to help further develop Chile’s ports policies. It is based on a thorough assessment of current port performance, an analysis of the bottlenecks that would need to be resolved to increase performance, and takes into account good international practices.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions. The city of Venice (Italy) is a major cruise destination. Cruise shipping brings in passengers and their money, but also air pollution, visual impacts and concerns about the lagoon. So does the city ultimately benefit from this form of maritime tourism, and is the cruise shipping boom Venice has experienced sustainable? This report aims to bring more clarity to these controversial issues by assessing the various impacts cruise shipping has had in Venice. It analyses policies in place and provides recommendations on how to increase the net benefits from cruise shipping to Venice.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2016-12-22
Number: 26
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:26-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Impact of Mega-Ships: The Case of Gothenburg
Abstract: The port of Gothenburg is the incontestable gateway to Sweden. The most important challenge for Gothenburg is to keep attracting direct calls from ocean-going vessels, considered of utmost importance by Swedish industry. These direct calls are carried out by ever larger ships. What is needed to continue attracting them in the future? And what are the impacts of very large ships that will have to be taken into account? This report brings more clarity to these issues by assessing the various impacts the arrival of mega-ships has in Gothenburg. It analyses policies in place and provides recommendations on how to deal effectively with mega-ships in Sweden’s largest port.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-01-11
Number: 27
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:27-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Cruise Shipping and Urban Development: The Case of Dublin
Abstract: This report analyses Dublin’s attractiveness as a cruise port and assesses the impacts of cruise shipping on the city. It evaluates policies in place and provides recommendations to increase the positive impacts of cruise shipping for the city of Dublin. Over the last decade, Dublin has grown as an important port of call for cruises in Northern Europe. Cruise tourism generates significant economic benefits for the city of Dublin. The value cruise tourism brings could be further increased by developing Dublin into a cruise home port, that is a port from which cruises start and where they end. Under which conditions could this be achieved? Which policy measures would be needed? Which stakeholders would need to be involved?This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-01-23
Number: 28
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:28-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Strategic Infrastructure Planning: International Best Practice
Abstract: This report reviews experiences with strategic infrastructure planning with a view to identifying international best practices. Governments play a critical role in providing the framework for investment in the transport, energy and water infrastructure on which economies depend. Long asset lives and large sunk costs make such investments particularly subject to risk and uncertainty. A long-term strategic plan that integrates specific projects reduces such risks by setting out a stable set of the priorities for future investment. This report is the product of a roundtable organised by the International Transport Forum at the OECD and the UK National Infrastructure Commission.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-03-23
Number: 29
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:29-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Strategies for mitigating air pollution in Mexico City
Abstract: This report examines air pollution mitigation strategies in Mexico City. It identifies a series of measures that can strengthen current approaches to air pollution mitigation adopted in Mexico's capital as well as nationally. Recommendation include actions in policy areas such as emissions standards and testing, incentives for cleaner vehicles, fuel quality, inspection and maintenance, restrictions on vehicle use, parking regulation and speed limits, air quality plans, enhancement and promotion of sustainable transport modes as well as improving enforcement and public communication. The publication assembles the findings of a workshop organised by the ITF and the Development Bank for Latin America (CAF) together with the Ministry of Environment of Mexico City (SEDEMA) in January 2017.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-06-09
Number: 30
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:30-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Local Governments and Ports
Abstract: This report compares the different ways in which local governments are involved in running ports and offers recommendations for more effective port governance. Around a third of the world’s largest ports are controlled by local governments. How do they perform this role, and with what results? Specifically, what are the impacts of local governments’ port policies on local job creation and greening ports?This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-05-22
Number: 31
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:31-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Managing the Transition to Driverless Road Freight Transport
Abstract: This report considers how a transition to driverless road freight transport could happen. Today’s technology already makes it possible to operate automated trucks. Reduced reliance on humans to move road freight in the future could offer large cost savings for business and consumers. It could also disrupt the careers and lives of millions of professional truck drivers. Based on different scenarios for the large-scale introduction of automated road freight transport, this study makes recommendations to help governments manage potential disruption and ensure a just transition for affected drivers.Three leading transport-sector organisations joined the International Transport Forum for this study to assess benefits, costs and risks of driverless trucks. The International Road Transport Unions, the International Transport Workers’ Federation and the European Automobile Manufacturers Association contributed data and insights on driverless technology in the road freight sector as well as funds for the research.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-05-31
Number: 32
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:32-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Transition to Shared Mobility: How large cities can deliver inclusive transport services
Abstract: This report examines how cities can manage the transition to shared mobility services. It expands on two earlier studies that looked at the citywide impact of replacing private cars with shared services, but did not address the question of implementation. Based again on mobility data for the city of Lisbon, Portugal, this report assesses issues around the scaling up of shared mobility services to the whole of the Metropolitan area and of their stepwise introduction. It also analyses the impacts of these services on the use of existing high-capacity public transport and on access to jobs, schools or health facilities across the whole study area, and explores how shared mobility can improve accessibility for users with impairments.The work for this report was carried out in the context of a project initiated and funded by the International Transport Forum's Corporate Partnership Board (CPB). CPB projects are designed to enrich policy discussion with a business perspective. Led by the ITF, work is carried out in a collaborative fashion in working groups consisting of CPB member companies, external experts and ITF staff.
Creation-Date: 2017-06-01
Number: 33
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:33-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shaping the Relationship Between Public Transport and Innovative Mobility
Abstract: This report investigates the convergence of public transport and innovative mobility solutions, such as ride services, car- and bicycle-sharing, app-enabled on-demand micro-bus services, and platforms that connect app-using travelers and drivers. It examines the role of public authorities in ensuring this convergence supports commercial innovation as well as public policy objectives and identifies principles to guide partnerships between innovative mobility services and public transport operators.The work for this report was carried out in the context of a project initiated and funded by the International Transport Forum's Corporate Partnership Board (CPB). CPB projects are designed to enrich policy discussion with a business perspective. Led by the ITF, work is carried out in a collaborative fashion in working groups consisting of CPB member companies, external experts and ITF staff.
Creation-Date: 2017-06-01
Number: 34
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:34-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Linking People and Places: New ways of understanding spatial access in cities
Abstract: This report examines how different people and groups experience accessibility in cities. It reviews the latest research findings, methodologies and data sources on urban accessibility and discusses how better data and computing power can enhance accessibility analysis and mapping. The findings provide policy makers with guidance on how to make it easier for citizens to physically reach services and opportunities that matter to them, and to help build more equitable and sustainable and economically viable cities.The work for this report was carried out in the context of a project initiated and funded by the International Transport Forum's Corporate Partnership Board (CPB). CPB projects are designed to enrich policy discussion with a business perspective. Led by the ITF, work is carried out in a collaborative fashion in working groups consisting of CPB member companies, external experts and ITF staff.
Creation-Date: 2017-06-01
Number: 35
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:35-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Data-led Governance of Road Freight Transport: Improving compliance
Abstract: This report examines ways to improve compliance with road freight transport regulations through the use of new data sources and technical solutions. It also reviews possibilities for new approaches to the broader governance of road freight as the availability of Big Data in transport facilitates more data-driven policy making with more targeted and flexible regulatory frameworks as well as more efficient enforcement mechanisms.The work for this report was carried out in the context of a project initiated and funded by the International Transport Forum's Corporate Partnership Board (CPB). CPB projects are designed to enrich policy discussion with a business perspective. Led by the ITF, work is carried out in a collaborative fashion in working groups consisting of CPB member companies, external experts and ITF staff.
Creation-Date: 2017-06-01
Number: 36
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:36-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Airport site selection
Abstract: In 2015, the Korean Government’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) launched a feasibility study for increasing airport capacity in the Youngnam Region of Korea, the southeast quarter of the country. The Ministry appointed a consortium formed by the Korea Transportation Institute (KOTI) and ADPI (Aéroport de Paris Ingenierie, member of the Aéroports de Paris Group) to develop the methodology for deciding at which site airport expansion should take place.In the framework of that work, the Korean Government requested that a roundtable be organised by the International Transport Forum to review the methodology developed for site selection and the criteria employed with a view to ensuring that the exercise undertaken for the Korean Government reflects current international best practice. This report is a product of this roundtable, organised in Paris in February 2016.The review is based on examination of methodologies used for selecting airport expansion sites in four different ITF member countries: Australia, Japan, Portugal and the United Kingdom.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-06-09
Number: 37
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:37-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Cruise Shipping and Urban Development: The case of Piraeus
Abstract: This report assesses the impacts of cruise shipping on Piraeus. Piraeus is the largest cruise port in Greece, but its growth has slowed recently and the benefits of cruise shipping for the local economy are not as high as they could be. Cruise ship visits also contribute to worsening air quality and road congestion in the city. This study reviews current economic and environmental policies relating to cruise activities and provides recommendations on how Piraeus could better seize opportunities for local development from cruise shipping.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-07-27
Number: 38
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:38-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shared Mobility Simulations for Helsinki
Abstract: This report examines how the optimised use of new on-demand shared transport modes could change the future of mobility in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area in Finland. Based on simulation, it provides indicators for the impact of shared mobility solutions on accessibility, metro/rail ridership, required parking space, congestion and CO2 emissions. The model also analyses service quality, efficiency and cost competitiveness of the shared solutions. In addition, the report explores the willingness among the citizens of the Helsinki region to adopt shared mobility solutions based on focus group analysis. The findings provide an evidence base for decision makers to weigh opportunities and challenges created by new forms of shared transport services. The work is part of a series of studies on shared mobility in different urban and metropolitan contexts.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-10-12
Number: 39
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:39-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Lightening Up: How Less Heavy Vehicles Can Help Cut CO2 Emissions
Abstract: This report examines how lowering vehicle mass can reduce CO2 emissions from road transport. The average mass of new passenger cars in the European Union has increased by around 40% over the past four decades. Lowering vehicle mass to levels observed in the mid-1970s could reduce vehicle emissions substantially and help meet European Union targets such as the 60% reduction in transport CO2 emissions by 2050. Based on different scenarios, this study shows that mass reduction across all vehicle technologies has potential to reduce the gap between such ambitions and the current trend and would financially benefit the vehicle user.This report was developed in the context of the International Transport Forum’s Decarbonising Transport project. It is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series.These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-11-15
Number: 40
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:40-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shared Mobility Simulations for Auckland
Abstract: This report examines how the optimised use of new shared transport modes can change the future of mobility in the Auckland area in New Zealand. Based on computer simulations of different shared mobility scenarios, the study shows that introducing ride sharing and Taxi-Bus services can significantly reduce C02 emissions and improve accessibility while lowering mobility costs and improving service quality for users. Most scenarios also reduce congestion and release public parking space for other uses. The simulations show that new shared modes work particularly effectively in tandem with public transport supply such as rail and bus rapid transit (BRT), for which they can act as feeders. A survey and focus groups for the study explored how willing citizens in the Auckland area are to using shared mobility solutions. Together, the findings provide an evidence base for decision makers to weigh opportunities and challenges created by new forms of shared transport services. The work forms part of a series of studies on shared mobility in different urban and metropolitan contexts.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-11-27
Number: 41
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:41-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The impact of mega-ships: The case of Jakarta
Abstract: The port of Jakarta is the incontestable gateway to Indonesia. As an archipelago state, Indonesia has much to gain from improving its maritime connectivity and attracting more direct liner services. These services rely on ever larger ships. What is needed to attract them, and how could Jakarta best handle them? This report brings more clarity to these issues by assessing the impacts of very large container ships for Jakarta. It analyses current policies and offers recommendations on how Indonesia’s largest port could effectively prepare for the arrival of ships. This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions. The port of Jakarta is the incontestable gateway to Indonesia. As an archipelago state, Indonesia has much to gain from improving its maritime connectivity and attracting more direct liner services. These services rely on ever larger ships. What is needed to attract them, and how could Jakarta best handle them? This report brings more clarity to these issues by assessing the impacts of very large container ships for Jakarta. It analyses current policies and offers recommendations on how Indonesia’s largest port could effectively prepare for the arrival of ships. This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-12-08
Number: 42
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:42-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Benchmarking Road Safety in Latin America
Abstract: Road safety is a major issue in Latin America and substantial actions are needed to reduce the number of road deaths and injuries. This report describes and benchmarks road safety management and performance in ten Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay and Uruguay. The comparisons in this study allow identifying similarities and differences between countries’ road safety performance. It will be useful to policy makers in assessing weaknesses and strengths, and designing effective road safety policies that make use of the experiences in other countries.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Case-Specific Policy Analysis series. These are topical studies on specific issues carried out by the ITF in agreement with local institutions.
Creation-Date: 2017-12-19
Number: 43
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:43-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Expanding Airport Capacity: Competition and Connectivity: The case of Gatwick and Heathrow
Abstract: The Airports Commission was set up by the Government of the United Kingdom in 2012 to take an independent look at the UK’s future airport capacity needs. It has been tasked with setting out the nature, scale, and timing of steps needed to maintain the UK’s status as an international hub for aviation, alongside recommendations for making better use of the UK’s existing runway capacity by the end of 2013; and setting out recommendations on how to meet any need for additional airport capacity in the longer-term by the summer of 2015.In December 2013 the Commission published its Interim Report, which included a short-list of three options for increasing the UK’s aviation capacity in the long-term: two at Heathrow and one at Gatwick. To determine which alternative would provide the largest benefits to passengers, freight businesses and the UK economy overall it is important to understand how airlines are likely to respond to increased runway capacity.This report examines the likely responses from airlines in all segments of the market: the local hub carrier, BA, other network airlines, short and long haul low-cost carriers and charter airlines. It identifies the main drivers of airline behaviour and considers the possible influence of changes to existing business models and the introduction of new types of aircraft, such as the Boeing Dreamliner and Airbus A350. The report develops six sets of responses, three following expansion of Gatwick and three following expansion of Heathrow, to test the likely evolution of the market. As the future of the highly dynamic aviation market is uncertain, it checks the resilience of each across five different scenarios of how the global aviation sector may develop in the future. The analysis maps the implications for connectivity and potential benefits to the consumer through airline competition and relieving congestion at airports and reducing the associated economic rents.This report is part of the International Transport Forum’s Country-Specific Policy Analysis (CSPA) series. These are topical studies on specific transport policy issues of concern to a country carried out by ITF on request.
Creation-Date: 2014-11-01
Number: 44
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:44-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Motorway Cost Estimation Review: The Case of Slovakia
Abstract: The ongoing development of Slovakia’s motorway network has prompted efforts to improve project selection and infrastructure governance more generally. This report reviews Slovakia’s approach to estimating motorway construction costs in the light of international practices. The accuracy of cost estimates at different project development stages affects the selection of projects, budget planning, or the bidding for the project. This report offers a broad range of measures that can advance the accuracy of estimates.
Creation-Date: 2018-02-28
Number: 45
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:45-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Maritime Transport: The Case of Sweden
Abstract: This report examines the factors that have put Sweden at the forefront of decarbonisation of maritime transport, and how other countries could learn from this success story. It details Sweden's efforts to decarbonise its shipping industry and sheds light on remaining challenges and potential solutions to achieve zero-carbon shipping.
Creation-Date: 2018-03-09
Number: 46
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:46-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Maritime Transport: Pathways to zero-carbon shipping by 2035
Abstract: This report examines what would be needed to achieve zero CO2 emissions from international maritime transport by 2035. It assesses measures that can reduce shipping emissions effectively and describes possible decarbonisation pathways that use different combinations of these measures. In addition, it reviews under which conditions these measures could be implemented and presents concrete policy recommendations.
Creation-Date: 2018-03-26
Number: 47
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:47-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Reducing Shipping Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Lessons from Port-Based Incentives
Abstract: This report reviews port-based incentive schemes to reduce shipping emissions, such as environmentally differentiated port fees. Greenhouse gas emissions from shipping currently represent around 2.6% of total global emissions, but this share could more than triple by 2050. Ports have a crucial role to play in facilitating the reduction of shipping emissions, alongside the ship operators themselves. Which incentives are currently used? What are their impacts? How could positive effects be increased? The report also explores lessons learned that could inform international negotiations on the reduction of shipping greenhouse gas emissions.
Creation-Date: 2018-04-17
Number: 48
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:48-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Fuelling Maritime Shipping with Liquefied Natural Gas: The Case of Japan
Abstract: The use of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a ship fuel is expected to increase significantly from its current marginal share in the coming years. This will require new facilities where ships can take on board the LNG. Japan is positioning itself as a potential hub in Asia for LNG refuelling. This study assesses the factors that will influence the realisation of that ambition.
Creation-Date: 2018-04-22
Number: 49
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:49-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Transport CO2 and the Paris Climate Agreement: Reviewing the Impact of Nationally Determined Contributions
Abstract: This report assesses the impact of transport commitments made in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of the Paris Climate Agreement on national-level transport CO2 emissions. It contains an introduction to NDCs and provides an overview of economy-wide CO2reduction targets that were defined in these pledges. The methodology, developed specifically for this report, allows a sectoral assessment despite the often limited information regarding specific ambitions for transport and planned CO2mitigation measures.
Creation-Date: 2018-10-16
Number: 50
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:50-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Strategic Investment Packages
Abstract: This report reviews international best practice of transport appraisal and considers how the existing policy frameworks can help governments strategically address regional challenges. The report is the product of the work undertaken by the International Transport Forum (ITF) at the OECD to inform the reform of the National Investment Plan of the Slovak Republic.
Creation-Date: 2018-08-02
Number: 51
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:51-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Blockchain and Beyond: Encoding 21st Century Transport
Abstract: This report examines how advances in data science and encoding could improve transport. It investigates three linked and rapidly changing areas: First, it discusses the deployment of blockchain and other distributed ledger-based approaches, that record transactions efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way. Secondly, the study looks at open algorithms and other alternatives to traditional data-sharing. Finally, it reviews the development of a common data syntax for encoding mobility services.
Creation-Date: 2018-05-16
Number: 52
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:52-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Defining, Measuring and Improving Air Connectivity
Creation-Date: 2018-05-16
Number: 53
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:53-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: (Un)certain Skies?: Drones in the World of Tomorrow
Abstract: This report investigates the role of drones as part of the future transport mix. It specifically addresses the issues policy makers face in engaging with the emerging private drone sector. Drones have the potential to improve existing practices, for instance in the surveying of infrastructure. They also have innovative uses in areas such as freight delivery, passenger transport in both urban and rural areas, or in disaster relief. With the sector developing at a rapid pace, regulators will want to create frameworks for drone use that allow innovation while ensuring positive overall outcomes.
Creation-Date: 2018-05-21
Number: 54
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:54-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Safer Roads with Automated Vehicles?
Abstract: This report examines how increasing automation of cars and trucks could affect road safety, and which security vulnerabilities will need to be addressed with the rise of self-driving vehicles. It applies the principles of the Safe System approach and relevance of Vision Zero for road safety to the wider discussion on vehicle automation. It also takes into consideration the security of the cyber-physical system associated with automated driving, including a definition of relevant system boundaries and future-proof minimum requirements for safety and security.
Creation-Date: 2018-05-22
Number: 55
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:55-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Shared-Use City: Managing the Curb
Abstract: This report discusses the street design and pricing implications of a large-scale introduction of ride-sharing services and other innovative mobility options in urban settings. It looks at the potential for a shift away from a model of the use of curb space focused on street parking to one that makes more flexible use of curb space for pick-up and drop-off zones for passengers and freight. The study presents the results of quantitative modelling of alternative curb-use scenarios and discusses their relative efficiency, contribution to wider policy objectives and implications on city revenues.
Creation-Date: 2018-05-23
Number: 56
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:56-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Information Sharing for Efficient Maritime Logistics
Abstract: This report presents policy options for encouraging information sharing along the maritime supply chain. It maps the current use of digital technology and information sharing in maritime logistics and highlights the potential for making door-to-door cargo flows more efficient. It also examines the numerous challenges from interoperability issues to lack of collaboration.
Creation-Date: 2018-09-25
Number: 57
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:57-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shared Mobility Simulations for Dublin
Abstract: This report examines how new shared mobility services could change mobility in Ireland’s Greater Dublin Area. Simulations of eleven different shared transport scenarios show how such services could affect congestion, CO2 emissions and the use of public space. They also examine how such solutions might impact service quality, the cost of mobility, citizens’ access to opportunities and their use of public transport. The findings provide decision makers with evidence to properly weigh opportunities and challenges created by new forms of shared transport. The work is part of a series of studies on shared mobility in different urban and metropolitan contexts.
Creation-Date: 2018-10-05
Number: 58
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:58-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Policy Priorities for Decarbonizing Urban Public Transport
Abstract: This report identifies policy priorities, megatrends and pressing issues regarding the decarbonisation of urban passenger transport. It presents the results of an expert survey on important challenges in the area and summarises the findings of a workshop with 36 experts from 12 countries regarding strategies for the transition to carbon-neutral urban passenger transport.
Creation-Date: 2018-10-22
Number: 59
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:59-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Surface Access to Airports: The Case of Mexico City's New International Airport
Abstract: The success of Mexico City’s New International Airport will depend not least on the quality of access to the airport on the ground. This report reviews policies and planning controls for surface access at a selection of comparable airports in cities of OECD countries. It offers input for the Mexican Federal Government’s plans for infrastructure investments that will serve passengers, the airport workforce and the public by ensuring convenient, reliable airport journeys; supporting business travel for a productive Mexican economy; and by maintaining within acceptable bounds the airport’s impact on road congestion and related air pollution.This report was prepared in collaboration with the OECD’s Directorate for Public Governance.
Creation-Date: 2018-10-26
Number: 60
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:60-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Policy Directions for Establishing a Metropolitan Transport Authority for Korea's Capital Region
Abstract: This report identifies the characteristics of the metropolitan transport authorities (MTAs) in the Barcelona, London and Paris areas that make them effective, and makes recommendations for the establishment of a new MTA in Korea’s capital region. It reviews governance arrangements and responsibilities for strategic planning, investment, data management, public transport services and the management of multi-modal transfer centres. Successfully managing mobility services in metropolitan areas is central to improving accessibility and to the well-being of their populations. The challenges faced include coordinating multiple government and non-government stakeholders, finding an institutional structure that meets the needs of both the urban-core and the larger commuting area, and striking a good balance between the powers of central government and local authorities. These challenges are particularly present in countries in the process of decentralisation. Successful MTAs give local authorities a prominent role in decision-making while maintaining a coherent larger scale vision in planning, policy-making and investment. Strong financial and technical capacity have proved critical.
Creation-Date: 2018-10-31
Number: 61
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:61-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Impact of Alliances in Container Shipping
Abstract: This report assesses the impact of alliances on the maritime transport chain and its main stakeholders. Alliances have become a dominant feature of container shipping, with around 95% of the major East-West container trades covered by carriers that form part of three global alliances. The report discusses the impacts on competition and asks whether alliances bring benefits, and for whom. Finally, it presents policy options for governments based on the findings.
Creation-Date: 2018-11-02
Number: 62
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:62-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Regulatory Capacity Building: Tools for Analysing Rail Connectivity
Abstract: This report reviews methods adopted in the United States and Canada for determining fairness and efficiency in rail markets and discusses their potential application in Mexico. It specifically examines how waybill and financial data are used in the economic regulation of railways and makes recommendations for establishing a data collection and analysis system suited to the Mexican railway system. Mexico has transformed its loss-making national railway into profitable concessions that have invested in infrastructure and carry growing volumes of freight. Some of the provisions agreed in the concession titles regarding interconnection and competition on specific links have not, however, developed as expected. A new regulatory agency was established in 2016/17 to address this and establish the capacity for the government to intervene effectively where necessary. A top priority for the Agencia Reguladora del Transporte Ferroviario de México is to develop a data collection and analysis system to understand rail markets in relation to issues of potential abusive pricing and reasonable conditions of access.
Creation-Date: 2018-11-08
Number: 63
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:63-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Towards Road Freight Decarbonisation: Trends, Measures and Policies
Abstract: This report identifies proven measures that decrease road freight’s CO2 emissions. Goods transport by road consumes around 50% of all diesel fuel and accounts for 80% of the global net increase in diesel use since 2000. Projections see road freight activity at least doubling to 2050, offsetting efficiency gains and increasing road freight CO2 emissions. The report highlights policy areas that need adjustment for effective decarbonisation of road freight and points to fields where more robust evidence through further research is needed. It collects insights held at a workshop organised by the International Transport Forum in June 2018 in Paris and features the results of a survey among experts.
Creation-Date: 2018-12-05
Number: 64
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:64-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Government Support Measures for Domestic Air Connectivity
Abstract: This report reviews government support measures for domestic air connectivity in Australia, Canada, Japan, Norway, Sweden and the United States. It analyses different approaches to providing regional connectivity in terms of their effectiveness in reaching government policy goals as well as value-for-money considerations. The study was commissioned by the United Kingdom’s Department for Transport.
Creation-Date: 2018-12-10
Number: 65
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:65-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Improving Transport Planning and Investment through the use of Accessibility Indicators
Abstract: Accessibility of goods, jobs, services and other opportunities is a fundamental condition for ensuring the well-being of citizens. This report examines how accessibility indicators can be used to improve transport planning and investment with that objective in mind. It also identifies principles for accessibility-based decision making and discusses how accessibility indicators can be effectively operationalised.
Creation-Date: 2019-03-25
Number: 66
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:66-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Road Safety in European Cities: Performance Indicators and Governance Solutions
Abstract: This reports benchmarks road safety performance for 72 urban areas, mostly in Europe, and illustrates governance solutions to improve urban road safety with case studies conducted in Lisbon (Portugal) and Riga (Latvia). The report proposes new road safety indicators to assess the level of risk for each mode of transport. It finds that a modal shift away from private motor vehicles could significantly enhance road safety in dense urban areas and deliver public health benefits associated with increased physical activity and improved air quality.
Creation-Date: 2019-04-11
Number: 67
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:67-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Benchmarking Accessibility in Cities: Measuring the Impact of Proximity and Transport Performance
Abstract: This report presents a new urban accessibility framework. It identifies which destinations can be reached on foot, by bicycle, public transport or car within a certain time (accessibility). It then measures how many destinations are close by (proximity). The comparison between accessible destinations and nearby destinations shows how well each transport mode performs (transport performance). These three indicators are calculated for destinations such as schools, hospitals, food shops, restaurants, people, recreational opportunities and green spaces in 121 cities in 30 European countries.
Creation-Date: 2019-05-20
Number: 68
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:68-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: High Capacity Transport: Towards Safe, Efficient and Sustainable Road Freight
Abstract: This report explores the impacts that the introduction of higher capacity vehicles has on road freight transport markets, modal shift, infrastructure and safety. It investigates how appropriate regulation together with ITS measures could be applied for relaxing the weight and dimension restrictions and allowing the use of these vehicles in specific geographical areas or on specific routes.
Creation-Date: 2019-05-02
Number: 69
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:69-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Maritime Subsidies: Do They Provide Value for Money?
Abstract: The shipping sector receives subsidies, tax breaks and other forms of financial support from governments. This report gives an overview of direct and indirect subsidies available to maritime transport in OECD countries and assesses whether they provide value for taxpayers’ money. Based on this, the report offers recommendations on how policy-makers can increase the effectiveness of maritime subsidies.
Creation-Date: 2019-10-17
Number: 70
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:70-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Enhancing Connectivity and Freight in Central Asia
Abstract: This report assesses freight connectivity in Central Asia, focusing on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It provides recommendations for improving connectivity and the policy processes required to achieve this. The report also offers advice on how regional co-ordination can improve freight efficiency and connectivity. The analysis, both qualitative and quantitative, covers questions related to hard infrastructure, policies and regulatory frameworks.
Creation-Date: 2019-05-14
Number: 71
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:71-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Understanding Consumer Vehicle Choice: A New Car Fleet Model for France
Abstract: This report presents a model that helps to better understand how consumers in France choose their cars. It presents the results for different scenarios for the future development of the French vehicle fleet and projections for related CO2 emissions to 2050. The model distinguishes conventional, plug-in hybrid, battery-electric and fuel cell cars. It looks at the privately-owned as well as company car fleets and considers non-monetary factors for vehicle choice. Among these are personal preferences, the availability of recharging infrastructure for electric vehicles, and policy incentives such as subsidies or preferential vehicle use rights. The methodology and the data used for this new passenger car fleet model are described in detail.
Creation-Date: 2019-11-04
Number: 72
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:72-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Electrifying Postal Delivery Vehicles in Korea
Abstract: This report evaluates the costs and benefits of replacing postal delivery motorcycles with electric vehicles in eight Korean cities. It compares operating costs, safety performance, and environmental impacts based on data collected from a field trial with both vehicle types. In addition to the economic analysis, qualitative aspects are also discussed based on the findings of a focus group study. The results from the pilot programme provide an evidence base for policy initiatives in the delivery sector in Korea and beyond.
Creation-Date: 2020-08-19
Number: 73
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:73-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shared Mobility Simulations for Lyon
Abstract: This report examines how new shared services could change mobility in Lyon, France. It presents simulations for five different scenarios in which different shared transport options replace privately owned cars in the Lyon metropolitan area. The simulations offer insights on how shared mobility can reduce congestion, lower CO2 emissions and free public space. The analysis also looks at quality of service, cost and citizens’ access to opportunities. The interaction of shared mobility services with mass public transport and optimal operational conditions for the transition are also examined. The findings provide decision makers with evidence to weigh opportunities and challenges created by new shared transport services. The report is part of a series of studies on shared mobility in different urban and metropolitan contexts.
Creation-Date: 2020-04-07
Number: 74
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:74-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Argentina’s Transport System: Charting the Way Forward
Abstract: This paper reviews opportunities for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from Argentina’s transport sector. It also identifies the main challenges for that objective, specifically in freight transport. Actions taken at different levels of government are assessed and the impact of policies focused on other priorities - such as lowering logistic costs - is discussed. The paper also highlights what data on transport emissions are available for Argentina and which tools government agencies use for examining them.
Creation-Date: 2020-05-05
Number: 75
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:75-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Best Practice for Urban Road Safety: Case Studies
Abstract: This report presents seven case studies of cities that are implementing data-driven road safety policies. It highlights relevant experiences aimed at reducing the number of traffic casualties and protecting vulnerable road users in cities. The case studies from Barcelona, Bogota, Buenos Aires, Fortaleza, London, New York and Rotterdam illustrate the diverse approaches to better understand road crashes and to prevent road traffic deaths and serious injuries.
Creation-Date: 2020-09-10
Number: 76
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:76-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Regulations and Standards for Clean Trucks and Buses: On the Right Track?
Abstract: This report reviews progress on technical standards for heavy vehicles that could enable trucks and buses with zero or near-zero emissions. It focuses on plug-in and fuel cell electric vehicles that use technologies at the forefront of green and inclusive economic development. It includes information on technical standards on charging and refueling infrastructure, and identifies remaining barriers and opportunities for their future development. The report offers valuable insights for all stakeholders involved in the transition to carbon-free mobility and clean energy.
Creation-Date: 2020-09-15
Number: 77
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:77-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Future of Passenger Mobility and Goods Transport in Estonia: Input Study for the Estonian Transport and Mobility Master Plan
Abstract: This report reviews strategic planning in Estonia’s transport sector to support the development of a Transport and Mobility Master Plan 2021-30 for Estonia. It assesses ten key aspects of transport policy with recommendations for reform. The impact of selected proposed reforms are examined under different scenarios modelled for this study.
Creation-Date: 2020-09-21
Number: 78
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:78-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Monitoring Progress in Urban Road Safety
Abstract: This report tracks the progress in reducing the number of road traffic fatalities and serious injuries in cities since 2010. It presents traffic safety data collected in 48 cities participating in the ITF Safer City Streets network and compares urban with national road safety trends. It provides indicators for the risk of traffic death for different road user groups, thereby enhancing the evaluation, monitoring and benchmarking of road safety outcomes.
Creation-Date: 2020-11-05
Number: 79
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:79-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Navigating Towards Cleaner Maritime Shipping: Lessons From the Nordic Region
Abstract: This report analyses future energy-use in the shipping sector of the Nordic region. It centres on pathways that could allow the Nordic shipping sector to meet energy and environmental policy goals, including energy diversification, cutting air pollution and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It details the feasible technology options currently available, the status of their adoption and government plans aimed at influencing future developments in this sector. Finally, it assesses implications for policy making for a rapid transition to cleaner maritime shipping. The Nordic region is pioneering efforts to reduce the environmental impact of maritime shipping, making the findings of this report relevant around the globe.
Creation-Date: 2020-11-16
Number: 80
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:80-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: How Urban Delivery Vehicles can Boost Electric Mobility
Abstract: This report presents policies and private sector initiatives for the electrification of urban delivery vehicles. Electric vehicles have low operational costs and the high mileage of delivery vehicles maximises net savings from converting a fleet. Insights on the total cost of ownership and the environmental footprint of electric fleets highlight broader benefits of electrification programmes for commercial vehicles.
Creation-Date: 2020-12-10
Number: 81
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:81-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Governing Transport in the Algorithmic Age
Abstract: This study explores where automated decision-making systems impact transport activity, and how. More and more transport activity is influenced by algorithms. Automated decision-making is taking a hold in areas from health care and housing to media and mobility. In transport, algorithms are a core feature for services from public transport scheduling to routing apps, bicycle sharing to self-driving technology, parcel delivery to the dispatching of ride services. How can policy makers ensure mobility driven by algorithmic code supports societal objectives?
Creation-Date: 2019-05-23
Number: 82
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:82-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: New Directions for Data-Driven Transport Safety
Abstract: This report explores how seamless data collection, analysis and sharing can unlock innovations in transport safety. Most interventions to improve transport safety are reactions to incidents. Connected vehicles, smartphone apps, ubiquitous sensors, data sharing and machine learning make proactive transport safety interventions possible and prevent crashes before they happen. Drawing on the Safe System approach, this report examines how transport stakeholders can make better decisions by using more relevant and timely data.
Creation-Date: 2019-05-23
Number: 83
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:83-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Transport Innovations from the Global South: Case Studies, Insights, Recommendations
Abstract: This report seeks to open new perspectives for discussing and implementing transport innovation across the globe. It highlights solutions emanating from the Global South and encourages policy makers to look at them as sources of inspiration for innovation. It discusses benefits and challenges of implementing these solutions in the Global North and suggests opportunities for South-to-South exchange. This is the second installment of a two-part report and further investigates the ideas outlined in the first report Expanding Innovation Horizons: Learning from Transport Solutions in the Global South.
Creation-Date: 2019-11-06
Number: 84
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:84-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Safe Micromobility
Abstract: This report examines the safety aspects associated with the increasing use of e-scooters and other forms of micromobility in cities. The rise of micromobility challenges existing regulations for urban traffic and forces policy makers to rethink them. The report considers a range of actions to make urban traffic with micromobility safe, including in street layout, vehicle design and vehicle operation, user education and enforcement of rules. It also asks whether a shift towards micromobility can have potential safety benefits.
Creation-Date: 2020-02-17
Number: 85
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:85-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Good to Go? Assessing the Environmental Performance of New Mobility
Abstract: This report examines the climate impact of personal and shared electric kick-scooters, bicycles, e-bikes, electric mopeds, as well as car-based ride-sharing services. Users in cities across the globe are rapidly adopting new mobility forms, helped by digital connectivity and electrification technologies. New urban mobility services are often sold as “green” solutions. But what is their real impact on energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions? This study analysesthe life-cycle performance of a range of new vehicles and services based on their technical characteristics, operation and maintenance, and compares it with that of privately owned cars and public transport. Finally, the report identifies solutions to make new mobility a useful part of the urban transport mix while helping to reduce energy use and limit climate change.
Creation-Date: 2020-09-17
Number: 86
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:86-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Azerbaijan's Transport System: Charting the Way Forward
Abstract: This paper reviews opportunities and challenges for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from Azerbaijan’s transport sector. It provides an overview of Azerbaijan’s transport system and reviews the country’s existing policies and future plans for reducing CO2 emissions from transport. The paper also provides an overview of the data on transport activity and emissions available for Azerbaijan, and the tools used by government agencies for assessing them. Finally, it proposes options for further action in the context of ITF’s “Decarbonising Transport in Emerging Economies” (DTEE) project.
Creation-Date: 2020-12-24
Number: 87
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:87-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising India’s Transport System: Charting the Way Forward
Abstract: This report presents an analysis of current transport activity in India and reviews key policy instruments set up by Indian institutions to shape transport developments in the coming years. It also investigates future scenarios of transport in India and outlines key aspects that should be considered in the upcoming work on transport decarbonisation. The final section builds on these insights, charting a way forward for a climate change mitigation strategy for the Indian transport sector. In particular, it underlines the importance of taking an approach that is not limited to direct GHG emission reductions but takes into account a lifecycle perspective.
Creation-Date: 2021-02-22
Number: 88
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:88-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Morocco’s Transport System: Charting the Way Forward
Abstract: This paper reviews opportunities and challenges for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from Morocco’s transport sector. It provides an overview of the transport system and reviews the country’s existing policies and future plans for reducing CO2 emissions from transport. The paper also provides an overview of the data on transport activity and emissions available for Morocco, and the tools used by government agencies for assessing them. Finally, it proposes options for further action in the context of ITF’s “Decarbonising Transport in Emerging Economies” (DTEE) project
Creation-Date: 2021-03-17
Number: 89
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:89-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Cleaner Vehicles: Achieving a Resilient Technology Transition
Abstract: This report evaluates policies for transitioning to clean vehicles and clean energy for road transport. The review includes measures that can help to scale up the transition quickly and instruments to manage it. It analyses technologies for clean passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, buses and trucks, and identifies solutions that deliver the greatest benefits. It reviews the policies for the promotion of clean vehicles currently in place and assesses the response of private sector stakeholders. The study specifically takes account of increasing digital connectivity and automation.
Creation-Date: 2021-07-21
Number: 90
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:90-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Zero Carbon Supply Chains: The Case of Hamburg
Abstract: This report assesses the potential of zero carbon supply chains via a case study of the freight transport chain linked to the port of Hamburg. It analyses the initiatives taken by selected main stakeholders to decarbonise freight transport. In addition, it offers recommendations on how the move towards zero carbon supply chains could be accelerated.
Creation-Date: 2021-06-28
Number: 91
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:91-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The innovative mobility landscape: The case of mobility as a service
Abstract: This report reviews changes in today’s urban mobility landscape and the potential of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) to improve travel in cities. It assesses essential governance and regulatory challenges that stakeholders must address to create a healthy ecosystem for Mobility as a Service which aligns with societal objectives and delivers clear benefits to people.
Creation-Date: 2021-07-06
Number: 92
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:92-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Forging Links: Unblocking Transport with Blockchain?
Abstract: Blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) could help create trust and consensus in areas of the transport sector where they are needed for efficient solutions but currently often lacking. Such challenges concern for instance clearing transactions amongst multiple parties with divergent interests, authenticating provenance, managing assets, and auditability. This report explores how DLTs can address these issues by providing an alternative to centralised record-keeping and third-party audit-based approaches. It offers recommendations for maximising the benefits of DLTs in transport based on several use cases in freight and logistics as well as passenger transport.
Creation-Date: 2021-02-26
Number: 93
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:93-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Air Transport: Acting Now for the Future
Abstract: This report provides an overview of technological, operational and policy measures that can accelerate the decarbonisation of aviation. Its goal is to support governments and aviation stakeholders looking to introduce aviation decarbonisation measures regionally, nationally and internationally. All measures are discussed in light of their cost-effectiveness and the potential barriers to their implementation. The report summarises the conclusions from an expert workshop held in February 2020 as part of the International Transport Forum’s Decarbonising Transport initiative.
Creation-Date: 2021-07-29
Number: 94
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:94-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Data-driven Transport Infrastructure Maintenance
Abstract: This report examines the potential of data-driven approaches to improving transport infrastructure maintenance. It assesses trends in maintenance strategies, explores how the targeted use of data could make them more effective for different types of transport infrastructure, and looks into implications for policy.
Creation-Date: 2021-09-13
Number: 95
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:95-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Container Port Automation: Impacts and Implications
Abstract: This report provides an overview of the current state of automation in container ports. It shows which terminal activities have been automated in different ports and which additional activities might be automated in the future. It assesses if automation projects have achieved their objectives and identifies policy issues related to container terminal automation.
Creation-Date: 2021-10-08
Number: 96
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:96-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Developing Innovative Mobility Solutions in the Brussels-Capital Region
Abstract: This report provides recommendations for regulatory and data governance frameworks to support the development of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) in the Brussels-Capital Region. These highlight the need to enable the development of a competitive and innovative MaaS ecosystem, with both public and private actors, in order to maximise the likelihood that sustainable MaaS business models will be developed. The work identifies the necessary scope of a new legal framework for MaaS and recommends how the existing regulation of mobility operators should be modified in order to integrate effectively with the MaaS framework. Finally, the work also addresses key data governance requirements, including data protection, transfer and reporting needed to support the development of MaaS.
Creation-Date: 2021-12-13
Number: 97
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:97-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Motorway Safety in Korea: Learning From International Best Practice for an Action Plan to 2030
Abstract: Motorway crashes kill over 200 people in Korea each year. This report reviews international best practices in motorway safety across ten countries to inform ways to make Korea’s motorways safer. Matching the average safety performance observed across Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom would halve the number of motorway deaths. The report offers recommendations for an action plan to 2030, also taking into account the expected uptake of connected and automated vehicles.
Creation-Date: 2021-12-07
Number: 98
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:98-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Road Safety in Cities: Street Design and Traffic Management Solutions
Abstract: This booklet presents measures that effectively reduce road traffic deaths and serious injuries in cities. It covers urban street design, traffic management and improving mobility options. Measures are illustrated with examples reported by cities collaborating in the ITF Safer City Streets network and include information on cost and effectiveness.
Creation-Date: 2022-02-16
Number: 99
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:99-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Streets That Fit: Re-allocating Space for Better Cities
Abstract: Street space in cities is a rare resource. Much of it is currently allocated to highly space-consuming transport modes without taking into account that demands for that space vary over time. This report looks at how street space has typically been allocated in the past, examines the rationale for street space allocation and describes how to measure space consumption for mobility purposes. The study also explores by way of a simulation how new mobility services and travel modes interact when a limited, dynamic and demand-responsive re-allocation of street space is introduced in a mid-sized city.
Creation-Date: 2022-02-17
Number: 100
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:100-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Reporting Mobility Data: Good Governance Principles and Practices
Abstract: This report explores the issues public authorities must address when establishing data-reporting mandates and policies. Transport systems and the people using them generate an ever-increasing amount of data which can help improve transport system performance. The risks from missing or overly broad reporting policies can be mitigated by following reporting guidelines and principles that focus on the public value of data.
Creation-Date: 2022-03-10
Number: 101
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:101-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Implementing the ASEAN Fuel Economy Roadmap
Abstract: This report explores how ASEAN member states can mitigate the negative impacts of the rapidly growing number of cars on the region’s roads. More, increasingly larger vehicles consume more energy, emit more CO2 and cause more local air pollution. Among the policies to counter these trends and make mobility in the region more sustainable is the ASEAN Fuel Economy Roadmap. This study provides support for implementing the roadmap. It looks specifically at policies for making light-duty vehicles more efficient and less emitting but also provides insights for other motorised road vehicles. The report explores opportunities for aligning policies across ASEAN, considers the role of trade agreements and recommends measures for a transition towards electrification.
Creation-Date: 2022-03-28
Number: 102
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:102-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: ITF Southeast Asia Transport Outlook
Abstract: This report provides scenarios for future transport demand and CO2 emissions in Southeast Asia up to 2050 to help decision-makers chart pathways to sustainable, resilient transport. The scenarios reflect existing policy initiatives and specific constraints in the region. They also examine the potential impact of policies addressing the challenges and opportunities for transport from Covid-19.
Creation-Date: 2022-05-10
Number: 103
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:103-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: ITF South and Southwest Asia Transport Outlook
Abstract: This report provides scenarios for future transport demand and CO2 emissions in South and Southwest Asia up to 2050 to help decision-makers chart pathways to sustainable, resilient transport. The scenarios reflect existing policy initiatives and specific constraints in the region. They also examine the potential impact of policies addressing the challenges and opportunities for transport from Covid-19.
Creation-Date: 2022-06-08
Number: 104
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:104-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: ITF North and Central Asia Transport Outlook
Abstract: This report provides scenarios for future transport demand and CO2 emissions in North and Central Asia up to 2050 to help decision makers chart pathways to sustainable, resilient transport. The scenarios reflect existing policy initiatives and specific constraints in the region. They also examine the potential impact of policies addressing the challenges and opportunities for transport from Covid-19.
Creation-Date: 2022-06-29
Number: 105
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:105-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Performance of Maritime Logistics
Abstract: Liner shipping and container ports have repeatedly made headline news since 2020 as companies across supply chains were hit with price hikes and shipment delays. Predictability became a thing of the past. This report assesses these disruptions to containerised maritime transport and analyses their causes and impacts.
Creation-Date: 2022-07-12
Number: 106
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:106-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Decarbonising Europe’s Trucks: How to Minimise Cost Uncertainty
Abstract: Trucks account for one-fifth of transport sector emissions in Europe. To decarbonise, heavy-duty road freight must switch to zero-emission vehicles quickly. This report examines whether battery electric vehicles, electric road systems and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles could compete with diesel-driven vehicles. It looks at the total cost of ownership across nine different vehicle-size segments in Europe. The report gives six recommendations to accelerate the transition to zero-emission trucks, including the provision of necessary infrastructure.
Creation-Date: 2022-09-05
Number: 107
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:107-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Monitoring Progress in Urban Road Safety: 2022 Update
Abstract: This report tracks the progress in reducing the number of road traffic fatalities and serious injuries in cities between 2010 and 2020. It presents traffic safety data collected in 32 cities participating in the ITF Safer City Streets network and compares trends in urban and national road safety. It provides indicators for the risk of traffic death for different road user groups that permits benchmarking of road safety outcomes.
Creation-Date: 2022-11-14
Number: 108
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:108-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Freight Space Race: Curbing the Impact of Freight Deliveries in Cities
Abstract: This report explores ways of making deliveries in cities less disruptive and more sustainable. How goods are distributed in urban environments profoundly affects metropolitan life. Urban freight flows impact cities’ economic vitality, their environmental footprint, the safety and efficiency of traffic and the ways public space is used. The report examines how new partnerships, innovative methods, the use of data and intelligent space allocation can ease the pressure on cities and their inhabitants by rapidly growing freight movements in urban areas. It also addresses whether solutions require new forms of data management, what new types of delivery vehicles might be required and how actors can co-ordinate more effectively.
Creation-Date: 2022-12-06
Number: 109
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:109-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Carbon Pricing in Shipping
Abstract: This report reviews the effectiveness of carbon pricing, how it might be applied to the shipping sector and with what effects. It also evaluates recent proposals by countries to introduce a price on shipping’s carbon emissions and examines related policy issues.
Creation-Date: 2022-12-14
Number: 110
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:110-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: The Potential of E-fuels to Decarbonise Ships and Aircraft
Abstract: This publication examines the potential of novel fuels to decarbonise aviation and maritime shipping. Fuels like hydrogen, ammonia and synthetic hydrocarbons can be produced from renewable sources. They could also be easier to deploy than other emerging low- and zero-carbon technologies. Yet many uncertainties exist around scaling up their use. These include cost, infrastructure needs, operational requirements and health impacts. The publication reviews the latest understanding of the production and use of novel fuels in the shipping and aviation sectors and highlights the policy requirements needed to accelerate their adoption.
Creation-Date: 2023-01-24
Number: 111
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:111-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Regulating App-based Mobility Services in ASEAN
Abstract: New app-based mobility services have transformed urban passenger transport and goods delivery services. As elsewhere, they have boomed in Southeast Asia, where they have gone largely unregulated. This report investigates regulatory approaches to balance consumer and societal welfare. It looks at how to address safety issues and negative externalities without dissuading innovative business models. It also addresses the impact of Covid-19 on these mobility services to help countries develop their pandemic recovery strategies. This report presents a set of principles for the regulation of both passenger transport and delivery services in ASEAN member states.
Creation-Date: 2023-04-24
Number: 112
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:112-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Mix and MaaS: Data Architecture for Mobility as a Service
Abstract: This report develops a framework for data sharing between transport operators that enables them to better integrate transport services and move towards the creation of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) platforms. The project also identifies the risks that come along with data sharing and how they can be minimised. It complements the ITF Corporate Partnership Board project “Reporting Mobility Data: Good Governance Principles and Practices”, which focuses on the issues public authorities must address when establishing data reporting policies by mobility operators to public authorities.
Creation-Date: 2023-04-26
Number: 113
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:113-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Measuring New Mobility: Definitions, Indicators, Data Collection
Abstract: This report proposes a comprehensive classification of “New Mobility” services and vehicles that are changing the way people travel. It also identifies performance indicators to help set the right policies as New Mobility evolves. It sets out a framework to systematically collect and compare New Mobility-related data. Finally, the report examines how governments and private stakeholders can collaborate to improve their understanding of New Mobility and determine if and where policy interventions are needed.
Creation-Date: 2023-06-07
Number: 114
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:114-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Making Automated Vehicles Work for Better Transport Services: Regulating for Impact
Abstract: This report explores how mobility services using automated vehicles might change the transport landscape. How can automated transport services help enable positive outcomes for societies? How will they ensure passenger safety? What rules should apply to such new services that overlap with other, heavily regulated services like taxis and public transport? The report assesses where regulation should adapt and outlines principles for forward-looking regulation. It offers pragmatic recommendations to bring in better transport for citizens.
Creation-Date: 2023-06-26
Number: 115
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:115-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Policy Status Report
Abstract: The aviation sector has pledged to become climate neutral by 2050. Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) are the only available low-carbon fuel technology for air travel today. They are thus indispensable for the sector to reach its climate targets. This report presents recommendations to promote the production and deployment of SAFs, which can replace conventional fossil aviation fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from aircraft. The insights come from discussions in the ITF’s Decarbonising Aviation Common Interest Group, an expert forum on SAF policies bringing together government and industry representatives.
Creation-Date: 2023-07-19
Number: 116
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:116-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Accessibility in the Seoul Metropolitan Area: Does Transport Serve All Equally?
Abstract: Over half of Korea’s population lives in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. This report looks at how the region’s transport system and land uses serve different socio-economic groups and offers insights for reducing inequalities in access. Are services and opportunities equally accessible to all residents of the Seoul Metropolitan Area? Which factors influence accessibility gaps? How can transport planning and decision making take into account accessibility and equity considerations?tr
Creation-Date: 2023-08-02
Number: 117
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:117-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Towards the Light: Effective Light Mobility Policies in Cities
Abstract: This report explores how traffic systems and infrastructure can be redesigned and expanded for a broader range of vehicle types, especially “smaller-than-car” or light mobility options. It identifies the potential benefits of making vehicles lighter and diversifying the range of vehicles used for everyday mobility. It also highlights successful policies for encouraging a shift towards urban light mobility in cities. Finally, it presents strategies for implementing frameworks for such policies and highlights measures decision makers should consider as part of their light mobility strategy.
Creation-Date: 2023-08-07
Number: 118
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:118-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Water transport employment: The role of governance
Abstract: This report assesses the current state of water transport employment in Europe and links it to water transport governance. Authorities generally consider the skillset required by employees in water transport strategically important. However, evolving governance frameworks might have undermined the possibility of maintaining these skills in Europe. This report assesses incoherence in government policies and provides recommendations for reform to ensure the relevant skills needed in water transport can be maintained.
Creation-Date: 2023-08-10
Number: 119
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:119-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Life-cycle assessment of passenger transport: An Indian case study
Abstract: The report is the first comprehensive, India-specific analysis of urban passenger transport emissions using a life-cycle perspective. The life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach offers insights into how policy choices affect greenhouse gas emissions throughout vehicle and infrastructure development and use. The analysis shows that Indian cities must prioritise measures that shift private vehicle users to public transport. In addition, a transition to electric buses – preferably powered by 100% renewable energy – is needed. The report highlights the critical importance of analysing and understanding emissions levels through all life-cycle stages of transport services when taking public policy and investment decisions.
Creation-Date: 2023-08-16
Number: 120
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:120-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: User manual: ITF transport life-cycle assessment tool for India (v1.0)
Abstract: This manual is a guide to using the ITF transport life-cycle assessment tool. The tool aims to provide a holistic assessment of different modes of transport, accounting for energy use and greenhouse gas emissions that occur in different phases of the life of the vehicles.
Creation-Date: 2023-09-01
Number: 121
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:121-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Adapting (to) automation: Transport workforce in transition
Abstract: Automation of vehicles and in the workplace is transforming the transport industry. This report investigates the impacts of automation on the workforce in urban transport. It explores ways to help the labour market transition towards automated technologies without social disruptions. The report also examines how algorithms could improve employment opportunities and job quality in the transport industry.
Creation-Date: 2023-09-12
Number: 122
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:122-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Shifting the focus: Smaller electric vehicles for sustainable cities
Abstract: Like-for-like replacement of fossil-fuel-powered vehicles by identical electric-powered vehicles is thought to be the main uptake pathway for electric vehicle (EV) uptake. However, what characterises global passenger and freight EV markets is the emerging uptake of smaller, lighter and shorter-ranged vehicle types specially designed for urban areas. A shift towards a broader EV uptake could be an opportunity for more sustainable and electric urban mobility systems – with comparatively lower electricity and charging infrastructure demand and battery materials needs, lower emissions and safer city streets. This report identifies the main use cases that could be part of such a broader and sustainable EV uptake. It also quantifies the sustainability impacts of different EV uptake scenarios that vary in vehicle fleet composition and degrees of electrification ambition. Finally, it gives recommendations on how authorities could leverage the passenger and freight EV transition for more sustainable cities.
Creation-Date: 2023-09-27
Number: 123
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:123-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Transit-oriented development and accessibility
Abstract: This report assesses the potential of transit-oriented development (TOD) to improve accessibility in three Southeast Asian cities: Bangkok, Ho Chi Minh City and Manila. It outlines the challenges of applying TOD practices in developing countries and presents three case studies of successful implementation of TOD, which capture the various forms that TOD can take.
Creation-Date: 2023-10-09
Number: 124
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:124-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: New but used: The electric vehicle transition and the global second-hand car trade
Abstract: This report analyses the global trade in used cars and how the transition to electric vehicles may impact it. The analysis explores the quality and age of used vehicles traded globally and maps out how they are traded from developed economies to emerging markets. The report reviews recent importer and exporter policy announcements and uses quantitative analysis, for the first time, to understand how policies may impact the flows of used vehicles between countries. It evaluates potential scenarios of electric vehicle adoption in emerging economies through used vehicle imports.
Creation-Date: 2023-12-05
Number: 125
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:125-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Using safety performance indicators to improve road safety: The case of Korea
Abstract: More than 1.3 million people die each year in road crashes, with millions more suffering life-altering injuries. The Safe System approach aims to eliminate deadly crashes through a comprehensive, shared-responsibility framework. This report offers guidelines for establishing Safety Performance Indicators (SPIs) to assess the effectiveness of Safe System policies in reducing road fatalities and serious injuries. It identifies international best practices for constructing and deploying SPIs, focusing on the case of Korea.
Creation-Date: 2023-12-11
Number: 126
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:126-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: How governments can bring low-emission trucks to our roads – and fast
Abstract: Heavy diesel trucks emit nearly three-quarters of all CO2 from freight transport. They are also among the most difficult vehicle types to power with sustainable fuels. This report reviews which emerging technologies show the most promise to drastically cut road freight emissions. It also proposes an approach for governments to decide which technologies deserve support – and thus to speed up the urgent transition to clean trucking.
Creation-Date: 2023-12-14
Number: 127
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:127-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Youth on the move: Young people and transport in the 21st century
Abstract: How young people use transport matters for society. Transport connects them to education, work, friends and other opportunities. Mobility patterns of the younger generation also matter for sustainability, economic development, liveability, health and well-being. Yet, young people’s views are rarely factored into transport policy explicitly. This report addresses the gap by reviewing young citizens’ travel patterns and behaviours, identifying their expectations regarding mobility and life opportunities and investigating their mobility-relevant experiences, capabilities and skills. To maximise the potential of youth, it is important that governments, communities, and other stakeholders ensure all young people have access to safe and affordable transport. It is also important to engage young people in the planning and implementation of transport initiatives so that their needs are met.
Creation-Date: 2024-01-31
Number: 128
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:128-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Safer Micromobility
Abstract: In 2020, the ITF published Safe Micromobility, a report assessing the safety of micromobility and new mobility services. In the four years since publication, much has changed in terms of the evidence base regarding the safety of micromobility. This report summarises an analysis of the current evidence base of the most recent micromobility safety trends and risks. It provides safety recommendations for both authorities and micromobility operators in line with the Safe System approach.
Creation-Date: 2024-03-28
Number: 129
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:129-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: A pathway to zero-emission trucking in India: Setting the framework
Abstract: This report assesses the potential of decarbonising heavy-duty trucks in India with zero-emission technologies, focusing on battery-electric technology. It presents a four-pillared roadmap for a transition to zero-emission trucks that addresses technology, infrastructure and operations, financing, and policy interventions for India. It achieves this by identifying economically feasible truck segments (based on weight classification) for the transition, along with strategies for developing support infrastructure and innovative financing models.
Creation-Date: 2024-06-18
Number: 130
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:130-EN

Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0
Author-Name: ITF
Title: Greener Micromobility
Abstract: In 2020, the ITF published “Good to Go? Assessing the Environmental Performance of New Mobility”. In the four years since its publication, the evidence base regarding the environmental impact of micromobility has improved and significant progress has been made to reduce the environmental impact of micromobility. This report updates the previous study based on newly published evidence, a survey of industry actors, and recently published reports. The report provides recommendations for authorities and micromobility operators to maximise the environmental performance of micromobility. It draws on a comprehensive lifecycle environmental impact spreadsheet tool containing all calculations, input factors and sources used for this update.
Creation-Date: 2024-06-19
Number: 131
Handle: RePEc:oec:itfaac:131-EN